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中文摘要：
作为一种有节律的神经活动,神经振荡现象发生在所有的神经系统中,例如大脑皮层、海马、皮层下神经核团以及感觉器官。本综述首先给出了已有的研究结果,即基于theta和gamma频段的同步神经振荡揭示了认知过程的起源与本质,如学习与记忆。然后介绍了关于神经振荡分析的新技术和算法,如表征神经元突触可塑性的神经信息流方向指数,并例举了神经振荡分析的一个新方法以及其应用实例。
英文摘要：
As a rhythmic neural activity, neural oscillation exists all over the nervous system, in structures as diverse as the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, subcortical nuclei and sense organs. This review firstly presents some evidence that synchronous neural oscillations in theta and gamma bands reveal much about the origin and nature of cognitive processes such as learning and memory. And then it introduces the novel analyzing algorithms of neural oscillations, which is a directionality index of neural information flow （NIF） as a measure of synaptic plasticity. An example of application used such an analyzing algorithms of neural oscillations has been provided.
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