中文摘要：

采用浸渍生测法测定了采自广东、新疆、湖南的15科28种植物提取物对南方根结线虫Meloidogyne incognita的毒杀活性．结果表明：骆驼蓬Peganum harmala、黄文江鱼藤Derris elliptica和火殃勒Euphorbia antiguontm甲醇提取物以1000μg／mL处理后48h，供试2龄线虫校正死亡率分别为86．46％、69．28％和70．84％，处理后72h，校正死亡率分别为98．20％、85．45％和81．90％，呈强杀线虫活性．此外，厚果鸡血藤Millettia pachycarpa、桃花心木Swietenia mahagany等12种植物甲醇提取物亦有较强的杀线虫活性．盆栽试验结果表明：骆驼蓬、黄文江鱼藤、厚果鸡血藤、桃花心木提取物处理的番茄地上部植株高度分别比对照增长163．35％、90．61％、155．99％和178．08％，地上部鲜质量分别增长191．37％、130．25％、79，25％和124．35％．骆驼蓬、黄文江鱼藤、桃花心木、火殃勒提取物处理后根长分别增长140．57％、93．40％、135．85％和107．55％，均显著优于或相当于对照药剂阿维菌素（30μg／mL，即6％乳油2000倍）处理增长率98．11％．黄文江鱼藤提取物处理后根结数2．33个／株，病级最低（1．00），显著低于印楝素2．5μg/mL处理．骆驼蓬、黄文江鱼藤、桃花心木、火殃勒对盆栽番茄南方根结线虫病控制效果明显．

英文摘要：

The activities of extracts from 28 plant species belonged to 15 families collected from Guangdong, Xinjiang and Hunan Provinces of China against Meloidogyne incognita in vitro by dipping bioassay and in vivo were reported. Results showed that the methanol extracts of Peganum harmala, Derris elliptica and Euphorbia antiguorum possessed strong nematocidal activity and caused 86.46%, 69.28% and 70. 84% mortalities after 48 h treatment, and 98.20%, 85.45% and 81.90% after 72 h treatment at concentration of 1 000 μg/mL against 2^nd instar larval nematode, respectively. 12 plant species, including Millettia pachycarpa and Swietenia mahagany showed relatively strong nematocidal activity. In pot test, the plant height of tomato increased 163.35%, 90. 61%, 155.99% and 178.08%, while the fresh mass increased 191.37%, 130.25%, 79.25% and 124. 35% compared with control, when treated with 1 000 μg/mL of extracts from P. harmala, D. elliptica, Millettia pachycarpa and S. mahagany, respectively. Furthermore, the length of tomato root increased 140. 57%, 93.40%, 135.85% and 107.55% when treated with extracts from P. harmala, D. eUiptica, S. mahagany and E. antiguorum at a concentration of 1 000 μg/mL, which were superior or equivalent to that treated with 30 μg/mL of avermectin. When treated with the extracts of D. elliptica, there were only 2.33 root-knots per plant and the minimum index of disease 1.00, which were significantly lower than that of treated with 2. 5 μg/mL of azadirachtin. The extracts of P. harmala, D. elliptica, S. mahagany and E. antiguorum showed significant effectiveness against Meloidogyne incognita in vivo in pot tomato test.