中文摘要：

总结了高分子材料加工的发展趋势及发展历程，并指出过去很多加工新技术的出现都得益于从自然现象及其他材料行业中获得很好的借鉴，如从蜘蛛吐丝发展出溶液纺丝成型、从玻璃吹制发展出吹塑成型、从金属锻造发展出压延成型及固相拉拔成型等；随后针对生物基可生物降解的立构复合型聚乳酸难以采用传统熔融加工方法成型的问题，借鉴金属粉末冶金加工的思路，提出了一种通过低温烧结制备高性能立构复合型聚乳酸制品的新方法．通过这种加工方法不仅可以有效解决立构复合型聚乳酸在熔融加工过程中熔体稳定性差、易降解的问题，而且可以制得耐热性好、光学透明度高、耐水解降解性佳、综合力学性能优异的高性能聚乳酸制品．

英文摘要：

For all polymer-based materials,polymer processing is required to fabricate them into useful articles with definite sizes, shapes and forms. This paper summarizes the progress in polymer processing and concludes that the emergence of numerous polymer processing technologies has benefited from nature and other material industries, such as solution spinning from spider silk, blow molding from glass blowing, and calendaring as well as solid-phase drawing forming from metal forging. Moreover, to deal with the big challenge of creating high- performance stereocomplexed polylaetide （SC-PLA） products from melt-processed poly （ L-lactide ）/poly （ D- lactide） （PLLA/PDLA） blends because of the poor melt stability of stereocomplex （SC） crystallites after complete melting as well as the serious degradation of PLA chains at elevated melt-processing temperatures,we report a new strategy to prepare highly transparent SC-PLA products with excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, and hydrolytic stability by means of a low-temperature （ i. e. , below the melting temperature of the SC crystallites） powder sintering technology inspired by the concept of powder metallurgy.