中文摘要：

目的研究缺氧缺血（HI）对新生大鼠脑白质胶质细胞核转录因子κB（NF-κB）及诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）表达的影响,探讨NF-κB及iNOS在新生大鼠脑白质损伤（WMD）发病机制中的作用。方法将2日龄大鼠随机分为实验组和假手术组,建立新生大鼠WMD模型,分别于HI后1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、1 d、3 d及7 d处死,对其脑组织取材后行HE染色观察其病理改变,并应用免疫组织化学法检测其NF-κB及iNOS的表达水平。结果在新生大鼠脑白质中,实验组NF-κB表达水平于HI后1 h开始明显上升,12 h达到高峰,至7 d仍明显升高,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义[（45.2±2.5）vs（35.7±2.1）;（62.3±2.9）vs（34.1±2.0）;（75.0±3.7）vs（33.6±2.1）;（126.2±4.3）vs（14.3±2.4）;（81.1±2.6）vs（33.7±2.0）;（40.2±2.5）vs（32.5±2.3）;（34.6±2.6）vs（31.9±2.8）,Pa〈0.001]。实验组iNOS于HI后1 h表达开始显著增多,1 d达到高峰,至7 d仍明显升高,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义[（25.4±1.7）vs（22.7±1.9）;（37.9±1.9）vs（21.7±1.2）;（53.3±2.1）vs（21.9±1.0）;（61.9±1.7）vs（21.7±1.3）;（74.0±2.2）vs（22.7±1.5）;（57.3±2.2）vs（21.1±1.1）;（26.3±2.5）vs（20.8±1.6）,Pa〈0.001]。实验组脑室周围白质区NF-κB表达与iNOS呈正相关（r=0.977,P〈0.001）。结论 HI可导致新生大鼠脑白质NF-κB表达及iNOS水平显著增高,参与新生大鼠WMD的病理生理过程。

英文摘要：

Objective To observe the expressions of nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB） and inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） protein in the brains of premature rats to moderate hypoxia-ischemia（HI）,in order to explore possible relationships with white matter damage（WMD）. Methods The 2 days old rats were randomly divided into experiment group and sham operation group.The pups were perfused at 1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h,1 d,3 d and 7 d of recovery from HI.Immunohistochemical technical was applied to investigate the changes of expressions of NF-κB and iNOS in periventricular rats white matter tissues. Results In the experiment group,the expression of NF-κB in periventricular rats white matter started to increase at 1 h and reached the peak at 12 h[（45.2±2.5） vs（35.7±2.1）;（62.3±2.9）vs（34.1±2.0）;（75.0±3.7）vs（33.6±2.1）;（126.2±4.3）vs（14.3±2.4）;（81.1±2.6）vs（33.7±2.0）;（40.2±2.5）vs（32.5±2.3）;（34.6±2.6）vs（31.9±2.8）,Pa0.001].The expression of iNOS was up-regulated at 1 h and peaked at 1 d after HI[（25.4±1.7） vs（22.7±1.9）;（37.9±1.9）vs（21.7±1.2）;（53.3±2.1）vs（21.9±1.0）;（61.9±1.7）vs（21.7±1.3）;（74.0±2.2）vs（22.7±1.5）;（57.3±2.2）vs（21.1±1.1）;（26.3±2.5）vs（20.8±1.6）,Pa0.001].The correlation analysis between the expressions of NF-κB and iNOS illustrated that they were correlated（r=0.977,P0.001）. Conclusions HI can induce the prominent increase in the expressions of NF-κB and iNOS in white matter of the neonatal rats′ brain,and may be involved in the pathophysiological process in the WMD.