中文摘要：

【目的】分析大麦亲本材料的遗传多样性,寻找与部分农艺性状相关联的分子标记,为大麦杂交组合的配置及分子标记辅助育种提供依据。【方法】利用86个SSR标记对113份大麦亲本材料进行多态性扫描,并进行遗传多样性分析。挑选57个标记进行群体遗传结构分析,在此基础上采用Tassel 2.1 GLM（general linearmodel）和MLM（mixed linear model）方法进行标记与农艺性状的关联分析。【结果】86个标记共检测出200个等位变异,变异范围为1—5个;基因频率的变异范围为0.0088—1.0000,Shannon指数变异范围为0.0000—1.2236;遗传相似系数（GS）变异范围在0.5504—0.9897,平均值为0.7477。通过群体遗传结构分析将供试材料分为4个亚群。以GLM分析,发现9个与株高、穗长、芒长、穗粒数和小穗着生密度相关联的标记,各标记对表型变异的解释率在0.0507—0.2766;以MLM分析,发现6个与株高、芒长和小穗着生密度相关的标记,各标记对表型变异的解释率在0.0238—0.1999。【结论】利用SSR标记分析了113份大麦亲本材料的遗传多样性及群体遗传结构,并通过2种关联分析模型,分别寻找到了9个与株高、穗长、芒长、穗粒数相关联,6个与株高、芒长和小穗着生密度相关联的标记,这些标记位于1H、2H、3H、4H和7H染色体。

英文摘要：

[Objective] In order to provide useful information for hybridization combination of parent materials and molecular assisted breeding, the genetic diversity of parent materials was determined by using SSR markers and their association with some agronomic traits were detected. [ Method ] A total of 86 SSR markers were screened for polymorphism among parent materials, and then the analysis on genetic diversity of these materials were detected. Population structure was analyzed through 57 selected markers, and then association analysis between SSR markers and 5 agronomic traits were performed using TASSEL GLM （General Linear Model） and MLM （Mixed Linear Model） programs. [Result] A total of 200 alleles were found from 113 materials, ranged from l to 5. Allele frequency ranged from 0.0088 to 1.0000 and Shannon index ranged from 0.0000 to 1.2236. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.5504 to 0.9897, with the mean of 0.7477. Genetic structure analysis showed that the population of these parent materials was composed of 4 subpopulations. There were 9 SSR markers associated with plant height, spike length, awn length, grain number per spike and Spikelet Compactness under GLM program, and the rate of explanation on the phenotype of related marker ranged from 0.0507 to 0.2766. There were 6 SSR markers associated with plant height, awn length and spikelet compactness under MLM program, and the rate of explanation on the phenotype of related marker ranged from 0.0238 to 0.1999. [ Conclusion ] Genetic diversity and population structure of 113 materials were analyzed through SSR markers and their association with phenotypes were detected. Nine markers, associated with plant height, spike length, awn length, grain number per spike and spikelet compactness, were determined under GLM program. And 6 markers associated with plant height, awn length and spikelet compactness were determined under MLM program. These markers were on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H and 7H, respectively.