中文摘要：

既定收入条件下消费者如何决定自己的支出水平以导向效用均衡？这一问题在现有消费者均衡理论中一直悬而未决。此问题的解决关系消费者均衡理论对消费者真实思维与决策过程的反映以及宏微观经济学的理论体系融合。本文认为,消费者在既定收入条件下存在＂花多少＂钱为效用最大与＂如何花＂钱为效用最大两个具有先后决策程序差异的不同消费者均衡问题。现有理论忽略了前一个均衡条件,导致理论假说与消费者行为事实不符且必要条件缺损。本文突破消费者行为理论的同质收入假说局限,在消费者均衡条件中分离出一个包容收入异质性的＂支出均衡＂条件,弥补了传统消费者均衡的一个重要理论缺陷。本研究的主要结论是：消费者支出均衡是消费者均衡决策中的必要环节,消费者生命成本—收益均衡决定消费者支出均衡与不同消费者的支出行为结构,微观市场中的单个消费者支出均衡影响储蓄水平与市场需求曲线合成,从而为宏观经济总量与微观经济变量的逻辑关系分析建立一个新的理论基础。

英文摘要：

How can the consumers decide their expenditure in order to achieve utility balance under given income condition？ This problem remains unsolved in present consumer equilibrium theory.The solution to the problem is pivotal for the consumer equilibrium theory reflecting consumers＇ actual thinking and decision process and the theory system integration of micro and macro-economics.This paper proposes the existence of two successive decisions by consumers to achieve consumer equilibrium under given income conditions.One is ＂how much＂ money to spend to maximize utility,the other is ＂how to spend＂ money to maximize utility.The existing consumer equilibrium theory ignores the first one,which makes it divorce from practice and defective in its prerequisite.This paper attempts to break through the limitation within the homogeneous income hypothesis of the consumer behavior theory,and establishes the ＂condition of consumer expenditure equilibrium＂ which subsumes income heterogeneity from consumer balance condition,and hence to overcome the defect of traditional consumer equilibrium theory.The conclusions are：consumer expenditure equilibrium is the necessity of consumer equilibrium,the balance between the life cost paid and the benefits obtained by consumers determines consumer expenditure equilibrium,expenditure equilibrium of individual consumer in micro-market influences the synthesis of saving rate and market demand curve,which provides a new theory foundation to analyze the logical relationship between the macro economy quantum and micro economy variables.