中文摘要：

为研究牵顶伞对主伞充气过程的影响，建立了有无牵顶伞的主伞充气阶段的流固耦合数学模型，对有无牵顶伞时，主伞的整个充气过程进行了数值模拟，并将计算所得的开伞动载与空投试验结果进行对比，以验证数值仿真的可靠性。研究结果表明：（1）有牵顶伞时开伞过程中的平均速度比无牵顶伞时大；（2）有牵顶伞时，收口阻力特征比无牵顶伞时要小约30％。（3）有牵项伞时，第一峰值的过载呈减少趋势，第二峰值约大了36％；（4）对具有不同阻力特征的牵顶伞的计算结果表明：牵顶伞阻力特征增大，初始充气时厨和初始充气距离均减小，但初始充气结束时的速度基本不变，而开伞峰值、收口阻力特征、充满时间和充满距离均变化不大。（5）有牵顶伞时；在初始充气阶段，伞衣不易张开，因而伞衣外形显得更为细长。而在主充气阶段，在解除收口绳之前，由于顶部有牵顶伞的阻力，伞衣张开相对较慢，因而伞衣细长些。当解除收口后，牵顶伞的阻力已经很小，此时，有无牵顶伞的主伞伞衣外形变化几乎相同。

英文摘要：

To study the effect of the attached apex drogue in the main parachute inflation process, a mathematical model of fluid-solid coupling is established for the main parachute inflation process with or without the attached apex drogues. Under the condition with the attached apex drogue, this paper simulates the whole inflation process of the main parachute and compares the calculated opening load with the results of air delivery test to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation. Results show that： （1） the average speed is lager in the parachute opening process with the attached apex drogue than without one; （2） with the attached apex drogue, the reefing resistance characteristic is about 30% smaller than that of without the attached apex drogue; （3） when mounted the attached apex drogue, the overloading of the first peak assumes a decreasing trend, and it is about 36% larger than that of the second peak; （4） the calculated results of the attached apex drogue on different resistance characteristics show that while the attached apex drogue resistance characteristic flation distance shorten. However, when the original increases, the original inflation time and the ininflation ends, the speed basically keeps unchanged ; while the opening peak value, the reefing resistance characteristics, the inflation full time and the inflation distance change a little; （5） with the attached apex drogue, in the original inflation stage, the canopy cannot easily splay out, so the canopy shape looks rather slight. But at the main inflation stage, before removing the reefing line, due to the drag of the attached apex drogue on the top, the canopy splays out rather slowly. Therefore, the canopy appears slight. When removing the reefing line,the drag of the attached apex drogue is small. The main parachute canopy shapes are almost the same with and without the attached apex drogues.