中文摘要：

在体生物发光成像和在体荧光成像是近年来新兴的在体生物光学成像技术，能够无损实时动态监测被标记细胞在活体小动物体内的活动及反应，在肿瘤检测、基因表达、蛋白质分子检测、药物受体定位、药物筛选和药物疗效评价等方面具有很大的应用潜力．本文详细介绍了在体生物发光成像和在体荧光成像的特点、系统及应用，比较了它们的异同。综述了在体生物光学成像技术的基本原理和应用领域，讨论了将其应用于临床的进一步发展方向．

英文摘要：

With the emergence of in vivo optical imaging, bioluminescence imaging and fluorescence imaging can be used to non-invasively monitor the activities and responses of cells marked with optical signals in real time, which are considered to be promising tools for tumor detection, gene expression profiling, protein molecular detection, drug receptor localization, drug screening, and therapeutic evaluation. In this paper, the features, imaging systems, and applications of in vivo bioluminescence imaging and in vivo fluorescence imaging have been introduced and compared in detail. The basic theories, application fields, and development of in vivo optical imaging in future are reviewed.