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液氯储罐瞬时泄漏扩散质量浓度分布规律与中毒后果评价

ISSN号：1009-6094
期刊名称：《安全与环境学报》
时间：0
分类：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]
作者机构：[1]重庆科技学院安全工程学院,重庆401331, [2]重庆市安全生产科学研究院,重庆401331
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（91024031）; 重庆市教委科学技术研究项目（KJ1501313）

关键词：安全工程, 液氯储罐, 瞬时泄漏, 扩散模拟, 后果评价, safety engineering, liquid chlorine gas tank, instantaneous leak, diffusion simulation, consequence assessment

中文摘要：

液氯储罐一旦发生泄漏,容易在大气中快速扩散,其扩散速度受到泄漏量、外界风速等条件的影响。为了研究不同风速和泄漏量对氯气扩散规律的影响,分别在泄漏量为2 kg、5 kg,外界风速为2 m/s、5 m/s的条件下,采用Fluent软件模拟了氯气储罐瞬时泄漏后氯气质量浓度随时间的分布规律,并结合氯气的致死浓度,对氯气扩散区域最大质量浓度分布及其毒性致命损伤进行了分析。结果表明,氯气扩散初期,云团浓度较高,重气效应比较明显,随时间增加云团逐渐增大。泄漏量越大,氯气的扩散速度和致死区范围越大,毒性致命损伤时间越短;风速越大,致死区的影响距离越大,但致死区的影响时间大幅度缩短,能有效降低氯气的中毒危害。

英文摘要：

As is known,liquid chlorine released into the air due to the tank corroded by the materials it has made of,tends to diffuse quickly because the gas phase tends to readily turn from liquid to gas.Furthermore,such diffusion can also be influenced by the amount of leakage and the wind velocity.In order to find the regularity of chlorine gas diffusion with the time and season change under the different wind speeds as 2 m/s and 5 m/s,we have made a simulated study and analyzed the amount of leakage as 2 kg and 5 kg.In our simulated study practice,we have also adopted a calculation model at different boundary conditions based on the actual situation to analyze the diffusion effects under the different wind speeds and the amounts of leakage by using the simulation software known as Fluent.With the aforementioned research means,we have eventually evaluated and gained the consequences of chlorine poisoning and the lethal chlorine content rates based on the concentration threshold.The results of our study indicate that it is more noticeable for us to deduce the heavy gas effects in the early chlorine gas diffusion because the concentration of the clouds turns to be higher,which tends to get thicker gradually with time.What is more,the greater the amount of the gas leakage,the greater the chlorine gas diffusion rate and the bigger the death zone will be,and,in turn,the shorter the deadly toxic injury time will become.In contrast,the more intensive the wind speed,the greater the distance of the death zone will be,though the time for resulting in the lethal concentration may probably become smaller.

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