中文摘要：

冰川均衡调整（GIA）是黏弹地球对末次冰期地表冰和海水负荷改变的响应,对地壳运动、海平面变化、地球重力场变化、地球旋转运动和应力状态等都有着重要的影响.介绍了目前国际上常见的几种冰川均衡调整（GIA）模型如ICE系列、Paulson07、Geruo13和IJ05系列、W12系列等,从数据来源、建模方法和应用方面对各模型进行了总结,对六种模型在南极地区的预测结果及不确定性进行了比较和分析,最后介绍了中国科学家在全球GIA研究和模型精化方面的重要进展和突出贡献.结果显示GIA模型之间的差别主要来自冰模型,三种冰模型较新的GIA模型ICE-6G_C（VM5a）、IJ05_R2和W12a在抬升峰值分布和东南极沿海大于内陆的量级分布上具有较好的一致性,但在平均量级上和下沉区域分布上仍存在较大的不确定性.随着数据源的扩展和建模方法的不断改进,未来的GIA模型将以更小更真实的不确定性用于地球科学相关领域.

英文摘要：

Glacial isostatic adjustment （GIA） are responses to surface sea and ice loading change of viscoelastic earth during the last glacial. It has a important influence on the crustal movement, sea level changes, the change of gravity field of the earth, the earth rotation motion and stress state. This paper introduces the current international several glacial isostatic adjustment （GIA） models such as the ICE series, Panlson07, Geruol3, IJ05 series and W12 series. The data sources, modeling method, the prediction results and applications are summarized for each model. The prediction and uncertainty of several models are compared and analyzed in the Antarctic region. Finally the Chinese scientists important progress and outstanding contributions in the global GIA research and model refinement are introduced. Results show that the difference between GIA models is mainly from the different ice model, three GIA model ICE-6G（VM5a） , IJ05_R2 and W12a with new ice model have better consistency in the distribution of uplift peak and magnitude which coasts are higher than inland in East Antarctica, but there are still large uncertainties on the average magnitude and sinking area distribution. With the expansion of the data source and the improvement of the method of modeling, the GIA model will be used in the earth science related fields in smaller and more realistic uncertainties in the future.