中文摘要：

详细介绍了一个基于网格、考虑地表水-地下水转换的分布式水文模型GISMOD.该模型由预处理程序、空间插值模块、蒸散发模块、参数设置和径流模拟5个部分组成.GISMOD不仅考虑了蓄满产流和超渗产流2种产流机制,而且提供了3种空间插值方法和8种蒸散发计算方法,具有良好的适用性.该模型将流域在水平方向上划分为若干相同大小的网格,在垂向上把土壤概化为3层,并根据不同土地利用、土壤和岩石类型设置参数,按照水位流量关系式计算不同土层间的水流交换量.黑河流域的实例研究表明,模拟结果与实际情况基本一致,即黑河流域上游地区以表层水下渗为主,在中游地区地下水反补河流.从季节上看,补给水量和下渗水量呈现出相反的变化规律,当下渗水量较高时,补给水量相应减少.最后,将模拟径流量与莺落峡实测结果进行对比,不论在日尺度还是月尺度GISMOD均取得了较好的模拟效果.

英文摘要：

A distributed hydrological model, the Grid-based Integrated Surface-groundwater Model (GISMOD),was developed to simulate hydrological processes,considering water interaction among different soil layers. This model integrated five modules (preprocessing, interpolation, evapotranspiration, runoff simulation and parameter identification).Infiltration excess flow,saturation flow,recharge flow from soil and groundwater were all considered by simplification according to the three layers structure of GISMOD.A case study in the Heihe River basin was presented to evaluate model performance.It was found that surface water was mainly infiltrated to soil layer in the upper streams and then discharged by groundwater in the middle reaches,consistent with the actual situation of the Heihe River basin.In addition,simulated runoff of Yingluoxia hydrological station was compared with observed data.This indicated that the GISMOD had better performance in runoff estimation on both daily and monthly scales.