中文摘要：

通过在高寒矮嵩草（Kobresiahumilis）草甸为期4年的刈割（留茬1cm、3cm及不刈割）、施肥（尿素7．5g．m^-2．a^-1＋磷酸二铵1．8g．m^-2．a^-1、不施肥）和浇水（20．1kg．m^-2．a^-1、不浇水）控制实验，对该生态系统中功能多样性与物种多样性的变化及其与初级生产力关系进行了研究。结果表明：刈割和施肥显著影响植物性状和生产力，而浇水作用微弱。刈割对物种多样性无影响，但对不同功能多样性指数的影响不同；施肥降低了物种多样性和以所有性状（除植株高度外）量化的功能多样性；浇水仅对物种丰富度有微弱影响。各功能多样性的平均值能更好地反映群落物种间的功能差异。功能多样性和物种多样性呈正相关或不相关，且二者与初级生产力的关系可表现为正相关、负相关和不相关，说明三者间的关系是性状依赖的，并受生境资源状况和刈割扰动的影响。植物功能性状对群落初级生产力有更加直接的影响。在考虑生物多样性对生态系统功能的影响时，应更加注重对植物功能属性变化的研究。

英文摘要：

Aims Although much attention has been paid for the relationship between the biodiversity and ecosystem func- tioning, little is known about the ecosystem consequences of changes. In addition, the question whether species diversity （SD） can co-vary with functional diversity （FD） is unanswered. We used the Rao index to quantify FD in order to explore this question through comparison of different components of biodiversity and their effects on primary productivity （PP）. Methods A field manipulation experiment was conducted in alpine meadow at the Haibei Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2007 to 2010. The experiment used a split-plot design with clipping treatment in the whole plot using three clipping levels （stubbled 1 cm, 3 cm and unclipped）. Subplots were treated with fertilizer （urea 7.5 g.m^-2.a^-1 ＋ ammonium phosphate 1.8 g.m^-2.a^-1 and unfertilized） and watering （20.1 kg·m^-2·a^-1 and unwatered）. General linear model univariate ANOVA, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the effects of the treatments on plant functional traits, biodiversity and PP, as well as the relationship among them. lmportantfindings The clipping and fertilizing treatments had important effects on plant traits and PP. There were no significant differences in SD among the clipping treatments, whereas the FD quantified by distinct traits showed different trends across clipping treatments. Fertilization increased PP but decreased both SD and FD （except FDH）. Watering affected weakly only the Richness index （R）. Correlation analysis indicated that the FD6 traits reflected functional divergence better than the FD calculated by the single trait. Regression analysis showed that there was a significantly positive and no correlation between SD and FD, respectively, and the relationship among SD, FD and PP followed three patterns： significantly positive, negative or no correlation, i.e., the relation forms were not only trait-dependent but also were related