中文摘要：

共轭羰基化合物的羰基选择性加氢反应被广泛用于制备重要的药物和化学中间体.利用氮掺杂碳纳米笼（hNCNC）大的比表面积和掺杂氮原子的锚定作用,构建了10 wt%Ru负载量的Ru/hNCNC催化剂,尺寸约2.4 nm的Ru纳米颗粒高度均匀地分散在hNCNC表面.用于催化苯乙酮选择性加氢制1-苯乙醇,在50.0℃、2.0 MPa H_2的温和条件下,展现出优异的催化加氢性能：反应2.0 h后的苯乙酮转化率和1-苯乙醇选择性分别达到96.2%和95.8%,远优于未掺杂碳纳米笼（h CNC）和活性炭负载的Ru催化剂;循环使用6次后,其苯乙酮转化率仅略有下降（从96.2%到94.0%）,明显优于Ru/h CNC.Ru/hNCNC的优异催化性能可归因于：hNCNC大的比表面积和掺杂氮原子的锚定作用有利于Ru纳米粒子的分散和固载、独特的微孔-介孔-大孔共存的分级孔结构有利于传质、掺杂氮原子有效调变了Ru催化剂的电子结构.

英文摘要：

The selective hydrogenation of carbonyl groups of the conjugated carbonyl compounds is an important reaction in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, and several selective hydrogenation approaches have been developed. Using stoichiometric hydrides （LiA1H4, NaBH4, etc.） as hydrogenation reagents has some shortcomings, including the unsatisfied selectivity of target product owing to the simultaneous hydrogenation of conjugated double bonds and carbonyl groups, as well as the flammability and explosibility of hydrides. Hydrogen is an alternative hydrogenation reagent, which can selec- tively hydrogenate carbonyl groups by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic processes. The noble metal （Ru, Pd, etc.） complexes were usually used in the homogeneous catalytic process, which caused some serious issues such as the metal resi- dues in products and the difficulties of recovering precious catalysts. These problems can be effectively solved by the hetero- geneous catalytic process using the supported catalysts. Carbon-based materials, metal oxides and ,/？-Zeolite are commonly used supports. Among them, carbon-based materials are preferable due to ＂~heir features of abundant morphologies and struc- tures, good stability, adjustable specific surface areas and pore structures, easy doping, etc. Interestingly, the introduction of heteroatoms into carbon matrix can provide a plenty of anchoring sites to disperse catalytically active species and regulate the interaction between active species and support, and hence promotes their catalytic properties. In addition, the high specific surface areas of the supports are beneficial to the dispersion of the catalytically active species. In recent years, our group has developed hierarchical carbon-based nanocages by in situ MgO template method. The mesostructured nanocages feature the high specific surface area, coexisting micro-meso-macropore structure, rich defects, easy doping, etc., which demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance in energy conversion and s