中文摘要：

生物量与后期的籽粒产量存在紧密联系,是决定作物经济产量的主要因素之一。本研究利用自然群体中的1142 SNP在2年环境下通过全基因组关联分析检测大豆基因组中与生物量及产量组分显著关联的SNP。结果表明：（1）生物量、百粒重和单株籽粒产量在自然群体中存在广泛的表型及遗传变异,并存在极显著的正相关,其中生物量与单株籽粒产量之间的相关略高于与百粒重;（2）两年环境下共检测到41、56和29个SNP分别与生物量、百粒重和单株籽粒产量显著关联,其中仅有6、19和1个SNP在2个环境中都被检测到;（3）共检测到15个SNP同时控制2个或2个以上性状,其中位于第19染色体上的BARC-029051-06057位点被检测到同时与生物量、百粒重和单株籽粒产量3个性状显著关联,表明有共同的遗传基础,同时也解释了性状间相关的遗传原因;（4）鉴定到的多个SNP与先前我们对叶绿素荧光参数及多个环境下产量相关性状的定位结果共位。这些显著关联SNP位点的鉴定,有助于理解生物量及产量相关性状的遗传机制,从而促进利用分子标记辅助选择聚合有利基因,实现未来大豆高产育种计划。

英文摘要：

Biomass,one of the main factors that determine the effective economic yield,has an important effect on the final seed yield.In this study,a genome-wide association analysis was conducted to detect key single-nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） associated with biomass and yield components using 1142 SNPs in a soybean landraces panel.There existed abundant phenotypic and genetic diversities and significant correlations among biomass and yield components in the population,and the correlation between biomass and seed yield was slightly higher than that between biomass and seed weight.Genome-wide association analy-sis using a mixed linear model detected 41,56,and 29 SNPs associated with biomass,seed weight and seed yield respectively.Among them,6,19,and 1 SNPs were detected in two environments.In addition,15 SNPs were found co-associated with two or more different traits and BARC-029051-06057 on chromosome 19 was associated with the three traits,which implies a partially common genetic basis for the three traits.Many SNPs detected in our study were found co-associated with soybean chlorophyll,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield components in our previous study.The identification of these significant SNPs will be helpful to better understand the genetic basis of biomass and yield components,and facilitate the pyramiding of favorable al-leles for future high-yield breeding by marker-assisted selection in soybean.