中文摘要：

促进水合物快速生成是天然气水合物技术产业化的关键，表面活性剂作为水合物生成的促进剂，对其动力学促进作用进行研究十分必要。本文在已有的天然气水合物储气实验台上，利用高压反应釜，在温度为（274．15±0．10）K，压力为（8．30±0．10）MPa条件下研究了非离子表面活性剂失水山梨醇单油酸酯（Span 80）存在下的甲烷水合物生成过程。结果表明：Span 80的加入有利于甲烷气体分子进入水相中，加快了晶核形成过程，缩短了甲烷水合物生成的诱导时间，提高了生成速率和表观速率常数，并提高了相应反应时间内甲烷水合物的储气密度。通过分析Span 80的分子结构，对其促进甲烷水合物的生成机理进行了研究，认为Span 80分子中的三个羟基和四氢呋喃结构与水分子形成氢键以及羰基对水分子的固定作用共同促进了甲烷水合物的生成。

英文摘要：

Rapid hydrate formation is the key of the commercialization of Natural Gas Hydrate. As the promoter of gas hydrate, surfaetant needs to be investigated on its kinetic promotion effect. Experiments on the effect of non-ionic surfactant Sorbitan oleate （Span 80） on induction time, formation rate and gas storage density were conducted during methane hydrate formation in a high pressure reactor at （274.15±0.10） K, （8.30±0.10） MPa. The results show that with Span 80 the induction time was shortest; the formation rate and apparent rate constant were accelerated and the gas storage density was increased. On the basis of analysis on the Span 80 structure, the mechanism of Span 80 promoting methane hydrate formation was investigated. It appears that the structure of tetrahydrofuran and three hydroxyls together with the fixation effect of the carbonyl may promote methane hydrate formation.