中文摘要：

作为一种新型的离子液体,胆碱类低共熔溶剂具有相比于其他离子液体更为突出的特点,如低毒、生物可降解、价格低廉等,这些特点使得此类离子液体在绿色化学和工程化学中受到越来越多的关注。本文分析了胆碱类低共熔溶剂的凝固点、熔点、溶解度、黏度、表面张力、电导率等物性随温度、组成、水分等因素的变化及理论预测模型,并介绍了胆碱类低共熔溶剂在润滑、功能材料制备、电化学、有机合成及生物质催化转化等方面的潜在应用。最后就胆碱类低共熔溶剂研究及应用中存在的问题及难点对其前景做出展望。

英文摘要：

Choline-based deep eutectic solvents （DESs） are considered as a new class of ionic liquids. Comparing to traditional ionic liquids, choline-based DESs are low-toxic, biodegradable, and the price is generally low, which make them more and more attractive in green chemistry and industrial chemistry. In the current work, the properties of choline-based DESs, such as freezing point, melting point, solubility, viscosity, surface tension and conductivity, were collected and summarized. The dependences of these properties with different factors, such as temperature, mole ratios and water content, and the models which can be used to predict the properties were studied and discussed. The applications of choline-based DESs in the area of lubrication, functional material preparation, electrochemistry, organic synthesis and catalytic conversion of biomass were introduced. Finally, the problems and difficulties in research and applications were illustrated and then prospective was provided.