中文摘要：

高等植物利用光能进行光合作用,但当光能超过光合系统所能利用的数量时,会发生光抑制。其中光系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）是光抑制的原初部位,它在许多逆境下被抑制甚至破坏,而光系统Ⅰ（PSⅠ）在特定环境胁迫下也会发生光破坏现象。分别从PSⅠ光抑制的发生机理及其光破坏防御和PSⅡ光抑制的作用机理、D1蛋白周转及PSⅡ修复循环等方面概述了近年该热门课题的研究现状和进展,并分析了两个光系统反应中心受破坏的机理及其异同。最后,对今后值得深入研究和待解决的问题进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Higher plants use light energy for photosynthesis, however, photoinhibition of photosystems（PS Ⅰ and PS Ⅱ） occurs when the light energy absorbed by antenna pigment exceeds the capacity of the photosynthetic apparatus. In the two photosystems, PSⅡis the original part of photoinhibiton, and is in danger of inhibition and even destruction under many adverse circumstance stresses. Furthermore, PSⅠwill also encounter photodamage under the specific environmental stress. We reviewed the photoinhibiton and photo-protection mechanisms of PS Ⅰ,the photoinhibiton mechanism of PS Ⅱ, as well as D1 protein turnover and PS Ⅱ repair circulation, respectively. Besides, we analyzed the photo-damage mechanisms and differences between two phtotsystems’ reaction centers. Finally, we expected the further researches in the future.