中文摘要：

利用2010、2011年在中国广东省湛江市东海岛海雾外场观测试验中获得的观测数据,综合分析海雾发生时的宏微观特征、气溶胶特征和雾水化学特征,并据此探讨海雾形成发展的主要机制。结果表明：南海海雾年平均雾日数为20-30 d,受低压系统或冷锋过境影响时出现雾的概率最大。2010和2011年平均雾滴液态水含量（Liquid Water Content,LWC）分别为0.019和0.072 g·m^-3,LWC偏低与海陆交界处雾滴湍流沉降加速有关。随着LWC的增加,雾滴与气溶胶数浓度的比值增大。雾水中主要离子为Na^＋和Cl^-,其两年总离子浓度（Total Ion Concentration,TIC）平均值分别为38 260和5 600μeq·L^-1,但离子负荷量相差不大,LWC增加可能是导致2011年TIC下降的主要原因。海雾雾滴形成和发展的主要机制是核化和凝结增长,与陆地和山地雾相比,碰并、湍流和平流因子的影响加强。雾滴谱可用Gamma分布进行拟合,且随着碰并作用增强,滴谱增宽。

英文摘要：

Based on the data of the sea fog field observation experiments in the east coast of Donghai Island in Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province,China in 2010 and 2011,this paper made the comprehensive analysis on the macro-microphysical characteristics of fogs,properties of aerosols and fog water chemical compositions in the sea fog cases,and further discussed the mechanisms of sea fog formation and growth.Results show that the annual average sea fog days are 20—30 d. The most sea fogs are affected by depression system or cold front. The average liquid water content（ LWC） of fog droplets are 0. 019 and 0. 072 g·m^- 3in 2010 and 2011,respectively. Low LWC is due to the accelerated turbulence deposition of fog droplets in the border of land-sea. The ratio of number concentrations between fog droplets and aerosolsincreases with the growth of LWC. The main ions in the fog water are Na^＋and Cl^-,and the two-year average values of total ion concentration（ TIC） of Na^＋and Cl^-are 38 260 and 5 600 μeq·L- 1,respectively,but the ion loadings are almost in the same magnitude. The decline of TIC may be mainly ow ing to the grow th of LWC in 2011. Activation and condensation grow th play an important role on the formation and grow th of sea fog droplets. Compared w ith continent and mountain fogs,the influences of coagulation,turbulence and advection factors are more significant in the sea fog cases. The spectra of fog droplets can be expressed by formula of Gamma and the spectra w idth broadens by the strength of coagulation.