中文摘要：

明确了科研数据的概念和分类,从原则、政策、技术、配套措施等方面总结了科研数据开放的当前进展,并将科研数据开放主要概括为自上而下的开放模式、横纵联合的开放模式与自下而上的开放模式3类。进一步分析指出,科研数据开放需要在强有力的行政力量支持下,配套更多的激励措施,调动数据拥有者的参与意愿。作为推动研究数据共享的一种有效形式,研究数据出版提供了可行方案,以《中国科学数据》为例,阐释了数据期刊在推动科研数据出版中的积极实践及其战略意义。

英文摘要：

The concept and clarification of research data were analyzed. Judging from the aspects of principals, policies, technologies and procedures,the current state of research data openness was described. The practices have been summarized into three main kinds with top-down model, down-top model as well as horizontal-vertical model for research data openness. Further analysis shows that, besides the government forces, we still need more incentives to increase the willingness to open research data while the research data publication provides another effective solution. Take ＂China Scientific Data＂ for example, as a scholar journal publishing scientific data papers, it may help to promote research data open in a way.