中文摘要：

目的探讨全氟化合物（PFAAs）暴露与儿童哮喘及Th1型细胞因子[白细胞介素（IL）-2、γ干扰素（IFN-γ]和Th2型细胞因子（IL-4、IL-5）分泌水平的关系。方法选择231例医院就诊的哮喘儿童作为病例组，来自社区的225例正常儿童作为对照组。采用双抗体ELISA试剂盒检测儿童血清中细胞因子IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-5的分泌水平；高效液相色谱仪分析血清中全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）的水平。结果哮喘儿童机体PFOS（33．9μg／L掷．28．9μg/L）和PFOA（1．2μg/L vs ．0．5μg/L）暴露负荷显著高于对照组儿童，且随着机体PFAAs的增高，儿童患哮喘的风险呈增高趋势。对哮喘儿童而言，血清PFAAs水平与Th1型细胞因子（IL-2、IFN-γ）存在显著负相关关系，而与Th2型细胞因子（IL-4、IL-5）呈正相关关系。结论PFOS暴露可诱导机体免疫应答平衡紊乱，向Th2型免疫应答极化。

英文摘要：

Objective To assess the associations of serum polyfluoroalkyl substances （PFAAs） concentrations with asthma and key Th2 cytokines in children. Methods A total of 231 asthmatic children and 225 non - asthmatic controls were recruited in the Genetic and Biomarker study for Childhood Asthma. Serum concentrations of two PFAAs and levels of interferon （IFN） - γ, interleukin （IL） - 12, IL - 4 and IL - 5 were measured. Results The significantly high- er serum PFAAs were observed in asthmas children than healthy controls. Adjusted odds ratios suggested that PFAAs ex- posure significantly increased the risk of asthma. PFAAs were positively associated with serum Th2 cytokines and negative- ly associated with Thl cytokines among asthmatics. Conclusion Increased serum PFAAs levels may promote Th cell dys- regulation and alter the availability of key Thl and Th2 cytokines, effects that could ultimately contribute to development of pulmonary allergic diseases.