中文摘要：

制备了3种密封胶材料——丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶及丁腈/氯化丁基混合橡胶材料,利用压力-体积-温度（P-V-T）高压膨胀计对样品进行测试,得到了比容Vsp随着温度T和压力P变化的关系;采用Tait方程研究了P-V-T性能,并计算出Tait方程中相应的参数.结果表明,Tait方程计算所得的P-V-T理论关系与实验结果一致,具有较好的规律性;b3、b4均为常数,即B为常数;Tait方程计算所得值与实验值的平均残差均小于0.02,吻合度较好;因此Tait方程可以较好地描述3种密封橡胶体系的P-V-T关系,并且为定量研究密封橡胶材料的P-V-T关系提供理论基础.同时,根据Tait方程所得的参数,计算了3种橡胶材料的热膨胀系数α和等温压缩系数β,研究了3种橡胶材料的α和β随着压力、温度的变化规律,结果表明3种材料中丁苯橡胶的尺寸稳定性最好,而丁腈/氯化丁基复合橡胶的尺寸稳定性较差并且其α随着压力的变化有较大的改变.准确地描述了3种密封橡胶材料的α和β随压力、温度的变化.

英文摘要：

To obtain accurate prediction of the performance of sealing rubbers and to optimize the processing parameters,the P-V-T data of three kinds of sealing rubbers： styrene-butadiene rubber,nitrile-butadiene rubber and nitrile-butadiene/chlorobutyl rubber composites,were studied.The parameters of Tait equations were calculated and compared with experiments.The results showed that the P-V-T relationship calculated by Tait equation was agreed well with the observation results.The value of parameter b3 and b4 were constants which mean the parameter B was a constant.The average residuals of P-V-T data between theoretical calculation and experimental values were all less than 0.02.It showed that the Tait equation can be used to describe the P-V-T relationship of these sealing rubber materials.Thermal expansion coefficients（α） and isothermal compressibility（β） of the three rubbers were evaluated form Tait equations.The experimental results showed that in these three rubbers,NBR has the best size stability and NBR/CIIR has the worst size stability.Furthermore,the thermal expansion coefficients of NBR/CIIR would reduce significantly with the decrease of pressure.Through accurate description of the changes of α and β with different pressures and temperatures for the three sealing rubbers,a method with the function of guiding processing and applications research was obtained.