中文摘要：

水生动物补偿生长现象及机制的研究对探讨其适应多变的水环境适应策略和提高其养殖效益都具有重要意义，是近30年来水生动物生理生态学研究的热点。本文对水生动物营养性胁迫及恢复生长期间的生理生态变化，以及补偿生长的生理、生化和分子机制的相关研究进行综述，还对环境胁迫引起的水生动物补偿生长现象及机制的研究进行总结。总体而言，水生动物的补偿生长研究已涉及到群体、个体、组织器官、生化和分子水平，但是仍需更多的研究成果来补充完善其理论体系。

英文摘要：

The phenomenon and mechanism of compensatory growth is important for explo- ring the adapting strategies of aquatic animals in varied aquatic environment and improving the efficiency of aquaculture. In the last thirty years, the phenomenon and mechanism of compensatory growth has drawed great attention. This review summarized the concept, dy- namics of parameters in physiology and ecology in the stressing and restoring periods, and the mechanisms of physiology, biochemistry and molecule biology. Furthermore, the stud- ies on the compensatory growth induced by non-nutritional stress （environmental stress） were also introduced. Overall, the studies on the compensatory growth in aquatic animal at population, individual, organ, tissue, biochemistry, and molecular level are illustrated. However, more researches are needed to improved the theory on the mechanisms of compen- satory growth.