中文摘要：

[目的]分析4个飞蝗亚种间的系统发育关系。[方法]利用PCR扩增技术测定了西藏飞蝗（L.migratoria tibetensis）和东亚飞蝗（L.m.manilensis）细胞色素氧化酶3亚基基因序列（COⅠ1539bp、COⅡ684bp、COⅢ792bp,共计3015bp）,结合GenBank下载的亚洲飞蝗（L.m.migratoria）和非洲飞蝗（L.m.migratorioides）的细胞色素氧化酶3亚基基因序列进行综合分析。以云斑车蝗（G.marmoratus）为外群,通过邻接法、最大简约法和贝叶斯法重建4个飞蝗亚种的分子系统树。[结果]在碱基组成上,A＋T的平均含量为69.57%,4个飞蝗亚种的密码子第3位点A＋T含量最高,其中最高的是COⅠ（达87.6%）;4个飞蝗亚种中核苷酸替换主要发生在密码子第3位,COⅡ的核酸替代率最高,第2位点较为保守,替换率在5.9%～15%之间;COI的起始密码子是特殊的CCG或ACG;4个飞蝗亚种的遗传距离在0.001～0.076之间;飞蝗属中4个亚种之间的系统发育关系为东亚飞蝗和西藏飞蝗亲缘关系最近,亚洲飞蝗与东亚飞蝗、西藏飞蝗亲缘关系次之,非洲飞蝗与其余3个亚种的亲缘关系较远。[结论]该研究可为西藏飞蝗亚种地位的确定提供分子依据。

英文摘要：

[Objective] The aim was to explore the phylogenetic relationships among four subspecies of the genus Locusta.[Method] The sequences of three subunits of cytochrome oxidase of Locusta migratoria tibetensis and Locusta migratoria manilensis were amplified and sequenced（COⅠ 1 539 bp,COⅡ 684 bp,CO Ⅲ 792 bp,with the total of 3 015 bp）.The corresponding sequenses of Locusta migratoria migratoria and Locusta migratoria migratorioides were obtained from GenBank and constructed a multiple alignment.Phylogenic trees of four subspecies of L.migratoria were constructed by Neighbor-Joining,Maximum-parsimony and Bayesian,respectively.[Result] The average content of A ＋ T in three subunits of four subspecies was 69.57%;the third site of codon showed the highest A ＋ T content,and the COⅠ had the highest A ＋ T content（87.6%）;The nucleotide substitution mainly occurred at the third site of codon,and the nucleotide replacement rate of CO Ⅱ was the highest.The second site of codon was conservative,so the replacement rate was in the range of 5.9%-15%.The start codon of COⅠ was CCG or ACG.Genetic distances among four subspecies were ranged from 0.001 to 0.076.The relationship between L.m.tibetensis and Locusta migratoria manilensis was the closest,followed by L.m.migratorioides and L.m.migratorioides,while the genetic distance between L.m.tibetensis and L.m.migratorioides was the largest.[Conclusion] The phylogenetic relationships among four subspecies of Locusta migratoria is L.m.tibetensis,L.m.manilensis,L.m.migratoria,L.m.migratorioides.