中文摘要：

个体因为自己或内群体成员的不道德行为而面临道德失调，为了维持积极的道德自我形象，不得不采取一系列道德自我调节策略以减少道德失调。在道德决策阶段，通过道德许可来缓冲预期的道德失调。在行为评价和责任归因阶段，通过道德规范的动机性遗忘来避免道德觉察，也可以通过道德切换、去道德化、道德推脱等认知策略将不道德行为合理化。在反馈调节阶段，通过道德补偿、道德清洗等行为策略以恢复道德自我形象或通过道德掩饰以避免道德形象损失。综述最后还探讨了道德自我调节过程的系统性、灵活性特点及其不利后果，并提出了未来可能的研究方向。

英文摘要：

hen individuals or their ingroup members engage in immoral behaviors, they will face a situation of moral dissonance, for immoral behavior damages people＇s moral self-image and makes people experience negative moral emotions, such as guilt and shame. To maintain a positive self-image, people are motivated to reduce moral dissonance via a series of moral self-regulatory strategies before and after their engagement in immoral behaviors. In the moral decision stage before one commits an immoral behavior, moral dissonance resulting from the anticipated threat to the moral self may be lessened through moral licensing. In one way, individuals may have obtained enough moral credits from past moral behaviors like bank credits in real life, with which the threat to moral self from the coming immoral behavior was thus offset （the moral credits model）. In another way, individuals may have already established a credential of their morality in the past, to which the extent of the subsequent immoral behavior would not be deemed to an immoral thing （the moral credentials model）. After engaging in an immoral behavior, in the behavior evaluation stage and the responsibility attribution stage, two possible self-regulatory strategies might be used. On the one hand, motivated forgetting of moral rules as a motivational self-regulatory strategy helps people avoid awareness of moral significance of immoral behavior. Without moral awareness, individuals refrain from involving in a moral evaluation and thus a moral dissonance occurs. On the other hand, other cogniti~,e strategies including moral shifting, amorality and moral disengagement may help people rationalize their immoral behaviors. Specifically, individuals may shift the moral evaluation from one foundation to another, on which an immoral event would have an acceptable interpretation and thus the actor become pardonable. Also in a similar way, individuals may shift the criteria of their salient moral foundation without changing it, and the norm-violating behavior may