中文摘要：

术后肠麻痹通常指腹部手术后引起的胃肠运动功能的抑制。影响手术患者胃肠运动功能的因素是多方面的，如疼痛、手术操作和电解质平衡紊乱等。虽然多数患者症状较轻，胃肠运动功能常于术后短期内自行好转，但仍有少数患者胃肠运动紊乱的时间持续较长，治疗困难，由此加重病情，延长术后康复，延长住院时间以及增多治疗费用等。明确术后肠麻痹的病因和发病机制有助于对其进行防范和治疗。

英文摘要：

Postoperative ileus is commonly referred to the inhibition of gastrointestinal motility after abdominal surgery. Some causes are responsible for the ileus, including postoperative pain and electrolyte imbalances, and manipulations during surgery. Although gastrointestinal motility normalizes spontaneously in most patients, some develop severe to postoperative ileus, which is difficult to treat,with a delayed recovery from surgery, prolonged hospital stay, and increased treatment costs. So, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of postoperative ileus for effective prevention and treatment.