中文摘要：

化疗包括术前化疗（新辅助化疗）和术后化疗,是乳腺癌综合治疗的重要组成部分,然而并非所有患者对化疗敏感。近年来,有研究指出,除肿瘤细胞本身以外,肿瘤间质成分的特性也会影响新辅助化疗的疗效。这些特性包括局部免疫细胞、基质成纤维细胞以及肿瘤蛋白、基因组学指标等。相关研究为新辅助化疗方案的选择及提高疗效提供了新的途径。本文就这些方面进行了系统文献复习和总结。

英文摘要：

Chemotherapy, which includes preoperative chemotherapy （neoadjuvant chemotherapy） and postoperative chemotherapy, is one of the most important parts of systemic therapy in breast cancer. However, not every patient is sensitive to the chemotherapy. In recent years, it is reported that, apart from those of the tumor cells, the characteristics of stromal components could also affect the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which include markers of immune cells, stromal fibroblasts, proteomic and genomic markers, etc. These researches bring new approaches to adjust the regimen and improve the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This article aims at reviewing and summarizing the literature at these points.