中文摘要：

通过添加不同比例的煤矸石构筑环境友好型阻燃材料类水滑石（LDHs），X射线衍射结果显示LDHs结构完整。以乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）为基体树脂，LDHs为复配阻燃剂制备EVA/LDHs复合材料。采用极限氧指数仪、锥形量热仪、烟密度测试仪等研究了复合材料的燃烧性能和抑烟性能，并探讨了相应的阻燃及抑烟作用机理。结果表明：EVA3［n（Mg2+）∶n（Al3+）为3∶1］的极限氧指数最高，达到28.30%；与纯EVA相比，EVA/LDHs复合材料的热释放速率、质量损失、烟生成速率均显著降低，表现出良好的阻燃性能；在点火和未点火情况下，复合材料均体现出良好的抑烟性能。

英文摘要：

Environment-friendly flame retardant,layered double hydroxides(LDHs),were preparedby adding coal gangue in different mass ratio.The results of X-ray diffraction(XRD)represent the integrity ofLDHs structure.Ethylene-vinyl acetate(EVA)was used as matrix resin to prepare EVA/LDHs composites withLDHs as composite flame retardant.The combustion and smoke suppression of the composites were investigatedby use of limiting oxygen index(LOI),cone calorimeter test(CCT)and smoke density test(SDT),and themechanism of flame retardant and smoke suppression were studied as well.The results show that LOI value ofEVA3in which n(Mg2+)∶n(Al3+)is3∶1is the highest of28.3%.The flame retardant properties of the compositematerials involving heat release rate,mass loss,and smoke production rate are reduced significantly comparedwith those of pure EVA.The composite materials perform well in smoke suppression under both the ignition andnon-ignition conditions.