中文摘要：

高压SF6断路器开断故障电流的成功与否与电弧在电流零区的动态特征和衰减行为紧密相关,涉及到一个介质状态从导电到绝缘转变的过程,包含大量的基础科学问题。电弧现象是一个多物理场相互耦合变化的复杂过程,其研究涉及的学科领域广,交叉性强。由于实验和理论研究中存在的困难,目前对SF6电弧电流零区动态衰减特性的了解尚不完善清晰;相关研究属于电器研究领域的难点之一,是定量预测断路器开断性能的技术瓶颈。以高压断路器SF6电弧为对象,从理论研究、实验测试层面以及宏观、微观角度,综述了国内外高压断路器SF6电弧等离子体特性,特别是非平衡态下电弧电流零区动态特征和衰减行为的研究进展,并对未来的研究工作进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Whether a high voltage SF6 circuit breaker can successfully interrupt a fault current relates closely to the dynamic characteristics and decaying behavior of SF6 arcs and their residual plasma during the current-zero periods. The change of the gas in the contact gap from a conductor to a strong dielectric material involves a large number of fundamental scientific problems. Arc phenomenon is a complex process coupled with multiple physical fields. Its research is truly interdisciplinary. The understanding of the dynamic characteristics and decaying behavior of SF6 arcs during the current-zero period is far from adequate because of the difficulties encountered in both experimental and theoretical investigations, forming a bottleneck towards quantitative prediction of the interruption capability of SF6 circuit breakers. In the present work, a review was carried out on the calculation and measurement of the parameters of SF6 arcs in high voltage circuit breaker from the macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, especially their dynamic characteristics and decaying behavior under non-equilibrium conditions during the current-zero periods. Appropriate conclusions were drawn and future work was suggested.