中文摘要：

细胞外记录研究报道听中枢神经元的调制方向选择性和前掩蔽均与神经抑制有关，但由于未能获得抑制性突触输入作用的直接证据，尚存有争议。本研究在20只昆明小鼠（Mus musculus Km）上进行在体细胞内记录，研究了下丘神经元调频声的调制方向选择性或偏好与其前掩蔽之间的关系。共获得93个下丘神经元，对其中37个产生动作电位（action potential, AP）发放且数据完整的神经元做了分析和讨论。在上扫选择性神经元（n = 12）频率调谐的高频边存在抑制性突触后电位构成的抑制区，而在下扫选择性神经元（n = 8）的低频边存在抑制区，在不具有调制方向选择性的神经元（n = 17）频率调谐的高、低频边均未观察到有明显的抑制区，表明这些抑制区是调频声调制方向选择性形成的重要原因。比较上扫和下扫调频声对上、下扫选择性和非选择性神经元的前掩蔽效应，结果显示具有调制方向选择性的神经元，其所偏好方向的调频声对最佳频率（best frequency, BF）声产生的前掩蔽强于非偏好的调频声；而无调制方向选择性神经元，上、下扫调频声的掩蔽效应无差异。以上结果提示，AP后跟随的强抑制性突触后电位可能是调制方向选择性神经元前掩蔽产生的机制。

英文摘要：

It has been reported that the frequency modulation （FM） or FM direction sensitivity and forward masking of central auditory neurons are related with the neural inhibition, but there are some arguments, because no direct evidence of inhibitory synaptic input was obtained in previous studies using extracellular recording. In the present study, we studied the relation between FM direction sensitivity and forward masking of the inferior collicular （IC） neurons using in vivo intracellular recordings in 20 Mus musculus Km mice. Thirty seven with complete data among 93 neurons were analyzed and discussed. There was an inhibitory area which consisted of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials （IPSP） at high frequency side of frequency tuning of up-sweep FM （FMU） sensitive neurons （n = 12） and at low frequency side of frequency tuning of down-sweep FM （FMD） selective neurons （n = 8）, while there was no any inhibitory area at both sides of frequency tuning of non-FM sweep direction （FMN） sensitive neurons （n = 17）. Therefore, these results show that the inhibitory area at low or high frequency side of frequency tuning is one of the mechanisms for forming FM sweep direction sensitivity of IC neurons. By comparison of forward masking produced by FMU and FMD sound stimuli in FMU, FMD and FMN neurons, the selective FM sounds could produce stronger forward masking than the non-selective in FMU and FMD neurons, while there was no forward masking difference between FMU and FMD stimuli in the FMN neurons. We suggest that the post-action potential IPSP is a potential mechanism for producing stronger forward masking in FMU and FMD neurons.