中文摘要：

目的：探讨美洲大蠊脱脂膏及其活性炭脱色物的体外抗菌作用。对比了美洲大蠊脱脂膏及其活性炭脱色物的抗菌谱和抗菌强弱。方法：美洲大蠊脱脂膏用活性炭脱色后进行冷冻干燥得到固体脱色物,然后用脱脂膏和脱色物对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureas）、白色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus albus）、大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）、痢疾志贺菌（Shigelladysenteriae）、甲型副伤寒沙门菌（S.paratyphi A）、乙型副伤寒沙门菌（Salmonella paratyphi B）、绿脓杆菌（Pseudomonasaeruginosa）、枯草杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）、变形杆菌（Proteus vulgaris）、白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）,金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC25923（Staphylococcus aureus）,大肠杆菌ATCC25922（Escherichia coli）进行体外抗菌活性研究,测定最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果：在实验的各菌株中,脱脂膏仅对白色葡萄球菌具有一定抗菌作用,MIC 31.25 g.L-1,对其他11株细菌均无抗菌活性。脱色物对金黄色葡萄球菌25923、白色念珠菌无抗菌活性,对其他10株细菌均有抗菌活性,MIC 15.63～250 g.L-1,其中对白色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌抗菌效果较好,MIC分别为15.63,62.5 g.L-1。结论：美洲大蠊中含有抗菌活性成分,脱色物与脱脂膏相比,抗菌效果优于脱脂膏。

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate antibacterial activity by Periplaneta americana skimmed cream and active carbon material, and compare the effect of intensity between P. americana skimmed cream and active carbon material. Method： The P. americana skimmed cream was decolored with active carbon and solid bleaching material was obtained after freeze-drying. The antibacterial activity of them against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureas ） , Staphylococcus albus （ S. albus ） , Escherichia coli （ E. coli） , ShigeUa dysenteriae （ S. dysenteriae ） , Salmonella Paratyphi （ S. paratyphi A） , S. paratyphi B, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ P. aeruginosa ） , Bacillus bacteria （ B. subtilis） , Proteus （ P. vulgaris） , Candida albicans （ C. albicans） , S. aureus （ ATCC 25923）, E. coli （ATCC 25922） in vitro was observed, the minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） was determined. Result： In all experimental strains, only skimmed cream had some antibacterial effect, S. albus. MIC values of 31. 25 g·L^-1 , on the other multiple strains of bacteria had no antibacterial activity, active carbon material and antibacterial against S. aureus 25923, C. albicans, no antibacterial activity against many other strains of bacteria had antibacterial activity, in which the S. albus and P. aeruginosa antimicrobial was better, the MIC was 15.63, 62.5 g·L^-1 carbon , respectively. Conclusion： P. americana contains antimicrobial active ingredients, compared material and skimmed cream, antibiotic effect of active carbon material is better than that cream.