中文摘要：

目的探讨湖北钉螺种群间的遗传变异关系。方法采用微卫星锚定PCR分子标记技术对来自中国大陆8个省的19个种群钉螺基因组DNA进行扩增，分析钉螺各种群间的遗传变异并对钉螺种群进行聚类分析。结果19个钉螺种群间的遗传距离D在0～0．73之间，平均遗传距离D为0．22±0．013。19个钉螺种群被聚成4类，一类包括分布在长江中下游流域（湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏）的16个钉螺种群；广西宜州、福建福清和云南大理的钉螺种群分别单独成一类。结论目前分布在中国大陆的湖北钉螺可能分为4个亚种，即指名亚种、滇川亚种、福建亚种、广西亚种。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the genetic diversity among populations of Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Simple sequence repeat-anchored PCR method was used to amplify the genomic DNA of nineteen snail populations from 8 provinces, and the genetic diversities among these snail populations were analyzed. Results The genetic distance D among nineteen snail populations ranged from 0 to 0.73 with average genetic distance as D 0.22 ±0.013. All the 19 snail populations were clustered into four groups： one group included 16 snail populations distributed throughout the Yangtze River drainage system below the Three Gorges of the river （Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu provinces ）; Snail populations from Yizhou city, Guangxi province, Fuqing city from Fujian province, and Dali city from Yunnan province belonged to an independent group respectively. Conclusion The distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in mainland China could be divided into four subspecies, i.e. Oncomelania hupensis hupensis （ O. h . hupensis ） , O. h . robertsoni , O . h . tangi , and O . h. guangxiensis .