中文摘要：

目的 探讨原发性开角型青光眼患者的风险决策能力,分析原发性开角型青光眼患者的个性行为和人格特征。方法 选取原发性开角型青光眼患者27例和健康对照者30例,通过风险概率明确的骰子博弈测试（GDT）评价患者的风险决策能力。通过“A型行为问卷”和“艾森克人格问卷”（EPQ）了解患者的A型行为和人格特征。结果 与健康对照组比较,在GDT中,原发性开角型青光眼患者更倾向于做出冒险的决定,其负反馈利用率显著降低,差异有统计学意义（R：Z=-3.903,P=0.000;UOF：Z=-2.664,P=0.008）。原发性开角型青光眼患者中A型性格所占的比例和A型行为得分中CH、TH＋CH得分值均高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（CH：t=3.06,P=0.003;TH＋CH：Z=-2.621,P=0.009）;TH得分差异无统计学意义。在EPQ测试中,青光眼组与健康对照组比较N、P得分差异有统计学意义（N：t=4.47,P=0.000;P：Z=-1.995,P=0.046）。结论与健康对照组比较,原发性开角型青光眼患者的风险决策能力有损害,表现为原发性开角型青光眼患者在决策中更倾向于高风险选择,存在明显的A型行为和神经质、精神质倾向的人格特征。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the ability of decision making under risky condition and personality characteristics in primary open - angle glaucoma patients. Methods A total of 27 primary open-angle glaucoma patients and 30 healthy controls were studied. Decision-making under risk was evaluated with Game of Dice Task （GDT）. The Type A Behaviors Questionnaire and Eysenek Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） were used to evaluate the type A behaviors and personality characteristics of patients. Results Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma tended to make risky decisions significantly more often in GDT compared with healthy controls （ R ： Z = - 3. 903 ）. The utiliza- tion rate of negative feedback in GDT was significantly lower in glaucoma patients （ UOF ： Z = - 2. 664, P = 0. 008 ）. The proportion of type A personality in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and type A behaviors score of CH, TH ＋ CH scores were higher than the healthy controls （ CH ： t = 3.06, P = 0. 003 ; TH ＋ CH ： Z = - 2. 621, P = 0. 009）. Personality characteristics N, P scale scores in EPQ of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were higher than the healthy controls （ N ： t = 4.47, P = 0. 000 ; P ： Z = - 1. 995, P = 0. 046 ）. Conclusion Primary open- angle glaucoma patients exhibit impaired decision-making under risky condition. The performance of primary openangle glaucoma patients prefers to make risky choices. It also has a typical type A behaviors and personality traits of neuroticism and psychoticism.