中文摘要：

本研究通过对目前GenBank中登录的所有家马Cytb基因的850nt（核苷酸）的同源序列进行比较分析,应用系统发育分析方法从分子水平探讨家马的母系起源及其驯化过程,以期为家马遗传资源的评价、保护与利用提供分子生物学依据。结果发现家马在该基因区域内存在丰富的多态现象,尤以蒙古马的变异最为丰富。系统发育分析结果发现,所有家马的该基因的同源序列聚为了A～G 7个分支。蒙古马具有多重母系起源,而韩国Jeju马的母系来源较单一。另外,普氏野马与蒙古马亲缘关系较近。

英文摘要：

To provide molecular biological foundation for the evaluation,conservation and utilization of domestic horse genetic resources,we investigated the maternal origin and domestication process of domestic horses in molecular levels by comparison analysis and phylogenetic analysis of all the homologous 850nt Cytb sequences deposited in GenBank.The results showed that abundant polymorphism was revealed in the researched region of horse Cytb,especially in the Mongolian horse population.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the homologous horse Cytb sequences clustered into A-G seven clades.Multiple maternal origins have been found in Mongolian horses,while a single maternal origin has been found in South Korea Jeju horses.In addition,Equus przewalskii has a closer relationship with the Mongolian horse.