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中文摘要：
【目的】研究干旱地区天然植被的生态需水量,为区域生态用水与经济用水的合理配置提供参考。【方法】针对西北干旱地区水资源短缺、降雨量少、植被退化、盖度降低等现状,以甘肃省民勤县为例,采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)提出的干旱区受破坏非完全覆盖的天然植被生态需水计算方法,计算植被生态需水定额,扣除有效降雨后得到生态缺水定额,再结合遥感解译的不同类型植被的生态植被面积,获得植被生态需水量和生态缺水量。【结果】民勤县植被适宜和最小的生态需水量在枯水年分别为7 652.0万和4 045.3万m3,平水年分别为7 554.9万和3 994.0万m3,丰水年分别为6 546.3万和3 460.8万m3。植被适宜和最小的生态缺水量在枯水年分别为6 040.3万和2 433.7万m3,平水年分别为5 714.6万和2 153.8万m3,丰水年分别为4 220.4万和1 331.4万m3。【结论】利用FAO提出的生态需水计算方法可以得到植被生长期各月生态需水量,计算结果与利用热脉冲法所得结果差异较小,说明该方法计算结果可靠,可以推广应用于其他干旱区。
英文摘要：
【Objective】The purpose of studying natural vegetation ecological water(EWR) is to provide reference for rational allocation of water between regional ecological and economic water usage in arid area.【Method】Considering the characters of the water shortage,little precipitation,degenerating vegetation and low coverage in northwest arid area of China,a new method of EWR for non-pristine、non-full coverage natural vegetation was introduced,which was proposed by FAO.The method was used to calculate the quota of E...
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