中文摘要：

利用液相还原法,使生物炭携载纳米零价铁,可以有效解决纳米零价铁在水处理应用中自身团聚问题,从而提高Cr（Ⅵ）的去除效率。研究发现：在添加相同剂量纳米的条件下,当炭铁质量比为5∶1时,生物炭携载纳米零价铁对溶液中Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率可达到96.8%,比纯纳米零价铁去除Cr（Ⅵ）的效率高35.9%;TEM和BET分析表明,生物炭携载纳米零价铁比纯纳米零价铁有更好的分散性和更高的比表面积,这是其去除Cr（Ⅵ）效果更好的主要原因;当溶液中Cr（Ⅵ）的反应初始浓度从25 mg/L提升至125 mg/L时,表观速率常数kobs从0.104 1 min^-1降低至0.023 5 min^-1,说明反应速率随着Cr（Ⅵ）初始浓度的增大而降低;当反应溶液初始p H在4.5~8.5之间时,携载纳米零价铁的生物炭对溶液中Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率均达到92.1%以上,表明生物炭携载纳米零价铁具有较广的p H适应范围,且对Cr（Ⅵ）具有较好的去除效果。

英文摘要：

Novel biochar-carried nanoscale zero-valent iron（ n-ZⅥ） particles was synthesized using liquidphase reduction to overcome the aggregation of n-ZⅥ,and to effectively improve the removal rate of hexavalent chromium（ Cr（ Ⅵ）） in the application of water treatment. The results showed that the removal rate of Cr（ Ⅵ）was up to 96. 8% using the biochar-carried n-ZⅥ when the mass ratio of biochar to n-ZⅥ is 5∶ 1; this removal rate was about 35. 9% higher than that obtained using the same dose of pure n-ZⅥ. The results of TEM and BET analyses showed that the biochar-carried n-ZⅥ had higher dispersion and greater specific surface area than nZⅥ,which was the key reason for biochar-carried n-ZⅥ having high removal efficiency of Cr（ Ⅵ）. The apparent rate constant kobsdecreased from 0. 104 1 to 0. 023 5 min^- 1as the initial Cr（ Ⅵ） concentration increased from25 mg / L to 125 mg / L in the solution,indicating that the reaction rate decreases with the increased the initial concentration of Cr（ Ⅵ） in the solution. The removal efficiency reached 92. 1% when the solution p H increases from4. 5 to 8. 5,showing that the biochar-carried n-ZⅥ has high Cr（ Ⅵ） removal rate in a wide range of solution p H.