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中文摘要：
为了更好地控制激光熔覆再制造装备零件的结构形状精度，需要对熔覆层几何特征进行表征，尤其是熔覆层横截面的几何尺寸和熔覆层整体的三维特征。采用Nd：YAG固体激光器在18Cr2Ni4WA钢基体上进行单道熔覆实验。用光学显微镜（OM）获得熔覆层横截面图像，用AutoCAD软件对熔覆层横截面图像进行图形模拟。提出了新的单道熔覆层几何模型，该模型为两端半球面体与中间柱面体组合的三维结构。用电子秤对基体熔覆前后的重量进行了测量，并与模型结构的理论重量值进行比较，以检验模型精度。结果表明，熔覆线截面上部轮廓线可以用一段圆弧模拟，单道熔覆中部结构为部分柱面体；建立的三维模型模拟重量计算值与实测值误差很小，该模型能很好地表征单道熔覆层的几何特征。
英文摘要：
In order to control accurately clad shape of laser cladding for remanufacturing parts, it is necessary to build the three-dimensional （3D） model of single laser cladding. In this study, single track laser cladding experiment was executed on 18Cr2Ni4WA steel substrate by using Nd： YAG laser. The cross-section shape of cladding metal was modeled by AutoCAD and a 3D geometric model of single laser clad was built. The model consists of two partial sphere located in two terminals and partial cylinder located in the middle of the single tract cladding. In order to character accuracy of the model, the weights of theoretical and experimental structure were compared. The result shows that top profile of cross-section was nearly a circular arc, and the weight of theoretical structure was almost equal to that of experimental structure. The model can characterize commendably the geometrical features of experimental laser cladding.
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