中文摘要：

以中间相炭微球（CMS）为核心材料,沥青为壳层材料前躯体,采用原位生成法制备了中间相炭微球/活性炭（AC）复合材料。将所制CMS/AC复合材料作为超级电容电池的负极材料,组装了模拟电容器和锂离子半电池。采用扫描电镜和X-射线衍射仪分析了材料的物理结构,并研究了CMS/AC复合材料的电化学行为进行研究。结果表明：CMS/AC复合负极材料在六氟磷锂/碳酸乙烯酯＋碳酸二甲酯（LiPF6/EC＋DMC）与四氟硼酸四乙基铵/乙腈（Et4NBF4/AN）电解液中均表现出良好的电化学性能,其比电容在模拟电容器中达到25.8 F/g,在锂离子半电池中能达到306.6mAh/g（0.2C）;同时表现出良好的倍率性能和循环性能。

英文摘要：

Carbonaceous mesophase spheres and medium coal tar pitch with a weight ratio of 3 were mixed in absolute ethanol solution,to which KOH was added to form a slurry.The slurry was heated to 800 ℃ to carry out KOH activation.The structure of the resulting material was examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.Electric double layer capacitors and half-cells were fabricated to investigate its electrochemical performance.The material exhibited good performance in both LiPF6/（ethylene carbonate ＋ dimethyl carbonate） and Et4NBF4/acetonitrile electrolytes with a high reversible capacity of 306.6 mAh/g（0.2 C） in the half-cell and a capacitance of 25.8 F/g in the capacitor.The material showed a favorable rate performance and good cycle stability.