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中文摘要：
背景随着超声乳化白内障摘出术的发展和进步，探索在更小切口下安全、有效地摘出混浊晶状体的手术方式，从而减轻术中组织的损伤程度，减少术后并发症的发生率逐渐成为临床关注的焦点。目的探讨1．8mm同轴微切口超声乳化白内障摘出术的可行性和临床疗效。方法本研究为系列病例观察研究。纳入2012年4-5月在内蒙古自治区人民医院眼科拟行超声乳化白内障摘出术的单纯年龄相关性白内障患者32例32眼，其中Ⅱ级核者8例8眼，Ⅲ级核者16例16眼，Ⅳ级核者8例8眼。所有患眼行A型超声测量眼轴长度，IOL度数按照SRK-Ⅱ公式计算。对患眼行盐酸丙美卡因滴眼液表面麻醉，于10：00～11：00位用专用手术刀行1．8mm隧道式透明角膜切口，于2：00位做侧切口，其他步骤同常规超声乳化白内障摘出术，并通过1．8mm的切口植入AkreosM160型人工晶状体（IOL）。观察术中超声乳化时间、术后视力和手术并发症。结果所有术眼手术顺利。各级核患眼术中平均超声乳化有效时间为（7．0±3．6）s，平均超声能量为（15．3±6．1）％。术后1d、1周及1个月时裸眼视力≥0．5的术眼分别为18、28和30眼，分别占56．25％、87．50％及93．75％；术后1个月最佳矫正视力≥0．5和O．8者分别为31眼、26眼，分别占96．88％和81．25％。所有患者术中前房稳定，均无切口部位的热损伤。结论1．8mm同轴微切口白内障超声乳化摘出术安全、有效，并可通过1．8mm的切口植入IOL，术后疗效良好。
英文摘要：
Background With the development of phacoemulsification surgery, the minimization of the size of the incision in order to reduce the damaging of eye tissue and postoperative complications becomes a focus. Objective This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of coaxial phacoemulsification type cataract surgery through a 1.8 mm microincision with foldable intraocular lens （IOL） implantation in eyes with age-related cataract. Methods Informed consent was obtained from each patient at the beginning of this study. A serial case observation study was designed. Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients with age-related cataract were enrolled in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People＇ s Hospital from April 2012 to May 2012, including 8 eyes of grade 11 hard nucleus cataract,16 eyes of grade m hard nucleus cataract and 8 eyes of grade IV hard nucleus cataract. Ocular axial length was measured by an A-mode ultrasonic apparatus, and IOL diopter was calculated using the SRK-II formula. Under ocular surface anesthesia,a 1.8 mm clear corneal tunnel incision was made at the 10-11 o＇ clock position, and then an auxiliary incision was made at the 2 o＇ clock position. The opaque lens was extracted by routine phaeoemulsification. An Akreos MI60 IOL was implanted through the 1.8 mm incision. The time and level of ultrasonic power required for phaeoemulsification, postoperative visual acuity and incidence of postoperative complication were assessed. Postoperative examinations were scheduled at 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after the surgery. Results All the operations proceeded smoothly. The mean phaco-time was （7.03-3.6） seconds and the mean ultrasonic power level was （15.3 3-6.1 ）% among the different grades of cataract groups. The number of eyes presenting an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 〉~ 0.5 was 18 （56.25%）,28 （87.50%） and 30 （93.75%） 1 day,1 week and 1 month after surgery,respectively. The number of eyes with a best corrected distance visual acuity of ~〉 0.5 and 0.8 were 31 （96.88%） an
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