考虑出行者路径选择决策过程中的参考点依赖,即当路网出行成本变化时,出行者将变化前的出行成本作为路径选择决策的参考点。基于参考点依赖理论,提出了考虑出行时间和拥挤收费的出行决策模型,建立了考虑参考点依赖的确定性网络用户均衡模型以及等价的变分不等式,并提出了求解模型的算法。最后,通过算例分析了参考点依赖对路径流量分配的影响,算例结果表明:经验出行成本和历史收费费率会影响出行者的路径选择决策,从而影响确定性网络流量分布。因此,在制定拥挤收费策略时,需考虑当前的出行时间成本和费用成本对出行决策的影响。
This paper investigates travelers' reference-dependent route choices and the corresponding network flow distribution.It is assumed that travelers set their currently expected travel costs as the reference points,where the reference points are two-dimension parameters consisting of travel time and congestion cost.A reference-dependent route choice model is constructed and then incorporated into a user equilibrium model.This paper establishes the equivalence of the reference-dependent user equilibrium model and a variational inequality formulation.An algorithm is proposed to solve the model.The numerical results show that the traffic flow distribution in equilibrium depends on both the current and the past congestion tolls.