中文摘要：

指出了治理湖泊污染的先锋植物凤眼莲的大规模使用受到限制的主要原因是由于其极易泛滥成灾，并且打捞困难、含水量极高。基于环境生态工程的原则和风眼莲作为天然浮岛的特性．设计了天然一体化自动打捞装置。该设计理念是利用太阳能进行供能，压力传感器和自动收缩杆打捞凤眼莲并进行原位去水．利用螺旋桨动力结构使浮床移动到岸边并将打捞的凤眼莲进行后续利用。研究表明：该装置可以移动和反复使用。相比于当前使用人工浮岛．应用天然浮岛治理湖泊污染更为经济可行。而且凤眼莲的去污本领比芦苇、美人蕉等其他植物更强。在解决凤眼莲易泛滥成灾、打捞困难的难题的前提下为实现高效低成苓治理湖泊富营养化、重金属污染等问题提供了新思路．并能够统筹生态效益、经济效益、社会效益和景观效益的协调发展。

英文摘要：

This paper pointed out that Eichhorniacrassipes, as the pioneer of the plantsthatplay important roles on the control of lake pollution, are limited in application. The main reason is that this kind of plant is easy to overrun and difficult to harvestdue to exactly high water content. However, the plant is still the ideal natural floating bed for water pollution control. In terms of the principles and concepts of Ecological Engineering of Environment, a natural integrated automatic fishing device was designed. This design concept focused on the topic ofusing solar energy as pow er supply, using pressure transducer and automatic telescopic rod to collect Eichhorniacrassipes and remove mois- ture, and using propeller to drive the device to lakeshore. The device featuredboth excellent mobilityand reuse. Tak-ing advantage of the natural floating bed for the control of lake pollution was more economical and feasible compared with artificial floating bed at present, and Eichhorniacrassipesis better in solving contamination than other plant, such as Reed or Canna Indica. Based on solving the problems of overrunning easily and refloating difficultly, this idea provided a new effective and economical method on lake eutrophication control and heavy mental pollution, achieving the harmonization and unification in ecological, economic, social and landscape benefits.