中文摘要：

电力系统黑启动预案是电网运行安全的必要保障，但人工进行方案决策的现状难以适应复杂电力系统和多样化的故障后场景。为此，建立电力系统黑启动过程的马尔科夫决策过程模型，提出一种基于状态削减技术和动态规划方法的黑启动方案自动生成算法，其优化目标是以最短的时间将系统恢复至任意预定状态，能够适应不同的故障后场景，支持并行的恢复操作。采用IEEE14节点系统、新英格兰39节点系统以及鄂东南电网对算法的可行性进行了验证。算例结果表明，该算法能够在较短时间内生成合理的黑启动方案，同时能够在黑启动初期通过发电机组与负荷的协调恢复抑制网架的过电压现象。

英文摘要：

The scheme for the black start in power systems is one of the essential precautions to improve the reliability of the power grid operation. However, manual design of the black start scheme is hard to accommodate the complicated system structure and different scenarigs after failure. This paper established a Markov decision process （MDP） model for power system black start procedure, based on which an optimal algorithm with dynamic programming and state reduction technique was put forward. The algorithm is capable to deal with different scenarios and parallel restoration after system failure, while the optimization objective is to restore the system to any specified status as fast as possible. The feasibility of the method was verified on the IEEE 14-bus system, the New England 39-bus system and the South-East Hubei power [grid. The results show that the new algorithm can provide a reasonable black start scheme in acceptable calculation time, and the overvoltage during early restoration stage is finely controlled by coordinating the recovery of generators and loads.