中文摘要：

采用吸管法分散分离提取土壤微团聚体和机械组成，通过测定土壤有机质含量和pH值，研究了重庆缙云山典型林分林地土壤微团聚体特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明：重庆缙云山典型林分林地土壤均呈酸性，沿土壤自然剖面向下pH值呈逐渐增大趋势，而有机质含量逐渐降低。各林地的土壤物理性粘粒综合含量依次为农地（对照）（75．31％）〉混交林地（69．87％）〉灌木林地（68．81％）〉阔叶林地（55．19％）〉楠竹林地（44．87％）。各林分一定程度上均能改善土壤的颗粒组成状况，调节土壤结构和土壤肥力，楠竹林分相对较弱。各林地土壤沿自然剖面向下，土壤微团聚体水稳定性减弱。林地土壤微团聚体的团聚度大小为灌木林地（36．4％）〉农地（对照）（27．96％）〉混交林地（26．19％）〉阔叶林地（15．13％）〉楠竹林地（10．86％），分散系数大小为灌木林地（23．43％）〈混交林地（33．6％）〈农地（对照）（46．38％）〈楠竹林地（47．04％）〈阔叶林地（47．85％）。林地土壤微团聚体数量与有机质含量和物理性粘粒含量均呈正相关，表现为y=0．1048x有机质-0．8413与y=0．9097x粘粒＋41．61。有机质是典型林分林地土壤微团聚体形成的重要因素，物理性粘粒则对其形成起着重要的胶结作用。灌木林地土壤微结构水稳定性优于其他林地，其改善土壤微结构、调节土壤保水保肥能力最好，而楠竹林地相对最差。

英文摘要：

Soil micro-aggregate and mechanical property were separated by pipette and sieve analysis, and organic matter and pH were measured to study soil micro-aggregate characteristics and its relationship with soil physical and chemical character in the soil of typical forests in Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing City. The results showed that the typical forests soils are acidic. As the depth of soil natural profile increased, pH value increased while the amount of organic matter decreased gradually. The amount of clay particle in all forests land decreased in the order of farmland （75.31%）〉mixed forest （69.87%）〉shrub forest （68.81%）〉broadleaf forest （55.19%） 〉bamboo forest （44.87%）. All forests could improve the characteristics of particle composition of forests soil in a certain extent, and have positive effects for improving forests soil fertility, but the function of bamboo forest is relatively weak. As soil natural profile increased, soil micro-aggregate water stability decreased. Soil aggregation degree of forests land decreased in the order of shrub forest （36.4%） ：〉farmland （27.96%） 〉mixed forest （26.19%） 〉broadleaf forest （15.13%） 〉bamboo forest （10.86%）, while soil aggregate dispersivity increased in the order of shrub forest （23.43%）〈mixed forest （26.19%）〈 farmland （46.38%）〈bamboo forest （47.04%）〈broadleaf forest （47.85%）. Micro-aggregate content of typical forests in Jinyun Mountain was positively correlated with the amount of organic matter and clay particle, which could be expressed by y=0.1048x0-0.8413 and y=0.9097x＋41.61and. Organic matter could play an important role in soil micro-aggregate formation. The clay particle would become the important cement of soil to form micro-aggregate. Soil tiny structure water stability of shrub forest was the most outstanding, and it could improve soil structure and regulate the ability of water or fertility conservation most effectively. The function of bamboo forest was poorest.