中文摘要：

纳米技术的快速发展和广泛应用前景,引起了人们对纳米生物效应和安全性问题的普遍关注。为保证纳米技术的健康持续发展,纳米颗粒与生物体的相互作用以及产生的生物学效应不容忽视。为充分了解纳米颗粒物产生的生物学效应,阐明纳米颗粒如何进入生物体以及与生物体相互作用的分子过程至关重要。在总结国内外相关研究的基础上,本文介绍了纳米颗粒进入机体的主要途径,并系统综述了纳米颗粒与蛋白质分子的相互作用及其表征方法,以及纳米颗粒与蛋白质相互作用对蛋白质结构功能和纳米颗粒生物效应的影响。

英文摘要：

The rapid development of nanotechnology offers wide prospects for the application of nanomaterials in different areas of industry, technology and medicine. Meanwhile, the biological effect and safety of nanoparticles have attracted worldwide attention. To ensure the healthy and sustainable development of nanotechnology, the interaction of nanoparticles with organisms and the biological effect produced by nanoparticles can not be neglected. To understand the biological effects of nanoparticles, investigating how the nanoparticles entrance into organisms and the complicated molecular aspects of nano-bio interactions is crucial. The main routes of nanoparticles entering the organisms are introduced. The interaction of nanoparticles with protein, the influencing factors and characterization of the interaction are reviewed in detail. The effects of nano-protein interaction on the structure and function of protein and the biological impact of nanoparticles are summarized.