中文摘要：

边坡演化具有自组织特性，边坡随开挖强度的不断增大、开挖后随时间的推移，以及外界扰动（地震、降雨）将加速其自组织过程的形成，最终导致开挖边坡失稳。应用信息熵定量地描述了边坡演化自组织过程（减熵过程），得出对开挖边坡进行及时支护能有效防止边坡失稳的认识，并应用离心模型试验及数值计算进行了验证。分析了及时支护作用机理：有效地减轻了边坡变形量，剪应力分布和应力路径更有利于边坡稳定，从而有效地阻止了开挖边坡自组织过程的形成。

英文摘要：

The evolution of a slope has self-organization characteristics, and the evolutionary process will be accumulated with the increasing of the cut degree of the slope, support＇s delay, and the outer disturbing （rainfall or earthquake）. The result is that the cut slope will fall. The forming process of self-organization is quantitativelly described by information entropy. The conclusion is that a timely support to a cut slope can prevent the slope disaster. And it is proved through centrifuge model test and numerical calculation. The mechanism of a timely support is that the magnitude of a cut slope is deduced, and the shear stress distribution and the tensile history of the cut slope are favorable to the slope＇s stability. The formation of self-organization is limited.