中文摘要：

机载干涉合成孔径雷达（Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,In SAR）是获取地面数字高程模型（Digital Elevation Model,DEM）的重要手段之一。In SAR系统参数误差会影响生成DEM的精度,利用干涉定标技术可以校正系统参数,补偿系统误差。目前,机载SAR干涉定标解算方法多采用天线基线长度、基线倾角,以及干涉相位偏置3个参数共同构建敏感度矩阵解算干涉定标参数偏差（参数耦合式解算方法）。由于机载In SAR系统对干涉相位偏置参数的敏感度较小,与基线长度、基线倾角的敏感度存在数量级差异,3个参数共同构建敏感度矩阵病态严重,易将微小的参数扰动传播扩大为较大的解向量误差,影响干涉定标精度,同时增大算法对干涉定标外场实验中角反射器布设高程的敏感度。本文提出一种机载SAR干涉定标参数分离式解算方法,在干涉定标解算过程中,对基线长度、基线倾角及干涉相位偏置3个参数进行分离,选取基线长度与基线倾角2个参数构建敏感度矩阵进行解算,对干涉相位偏置参数进行单独拟合解算,最终获得3个参数的综合定标结果。经机载双天线In SAR系统获取的真实数据验证,与参数耦合式解算方法相比,利用参数分离式解算方法构建得到的敏感度矩阵条件数由1.07E＋06下降至5.02,系统参数定标后生成DEM与高精度参考DEM的平均高程偏差由14.98 m下降至6.51 m,干涉定标精度显著提高。另外,根据角反射器布设高程数值仿真模拟分析结果,与参数耦合式解算方法相比,参数分离式解算方法对角反射器布设高程变化的敏感度显著降低,对角反射器布设高程的普适性较高,且算法解算精度在角反射器布设高程起伏较小时不受明显影响,有助于减轻机载SAR干涉定标的野外工作强度。

英文摘要：

Airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar （InSAR） is one of the key methods to generate digi- tal elevation model （DEM）. As the accuracy of DEM would be affected by errors of InSAR system parameters, it is necessary to correct system parameters and compensate system errors using interferometric calibration. Most of the solving methods for airborne InSAR calibration establish the sensitivity matrix with antenna baseline length, baseline obliquity and phase bias jointly to calibrate parameters＇ errors, which can be referred as the pa- rameters-coupled solving methods. Since the sensitivity of phase bias is much smaller than baseline length and baseline obliquity, it would easily cause the sensitivity matrix to be ill-conditioned when establishing the sensitiv- ity matrix with the three parameters together. In this situation, errors of the solution vector could be amplified, which consequently affects the interferometric calibration accuracy, and increase the sensitivity of corner reflec- tors＇ locating heights to calculations. This paper presents a parameters-separated solving method for airborne In- SAR calibration by separating the baseline length, baseline obliquity and phase bias during the calibrating-solv- ing process. The method establishes the sensitivity matrix with baseline length and baseline obliquity firstly, to calibrate these two parameters. Then, the phase bias was fitted individually, and afterwards we acquire the inte-grated calibration result of all three parameters. According to the validation result of real SAR data obtained by the dual antenna airborne InSAR system, the condition number of sensitivity matrix established by the parame- ters- separated solving method drops from 1.07E＋06 to 5.02 comparing with the parameters-coupled solving method. Also, the average deviation of height, which accounts for the differences between DEM that generated by the calibrated airborne InSAR system and the reference DEM with high accuracy, drops from 14.98 m to 6.51 m. The interferometr