中文摘要：

采用冷凝区金属Mg直收率、X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）等手段和方法,研究了冷凝温度和温度梯度对真空碳热法还原氧化镁产生的Mg蒸气冷凝的影响。研究结果表明,在30~100 Pa时,在温度梯度不变的条件下,冷凝温度越接近Mg的露点温度,直收率越高;当冷凝温度合适时,温度梯度越小越有利于Mg蒸气的结晶。冷凝物的SEM和X射线能谱仪分析表明,当冷凝温度接近Mg的露点且温度梯度较小时,所得金属Mg拥有较大晶粒尺寸且排列规则致密,金属Mg的含量可达到90.05%。冷凝物的XRD分析表明,合适的冷凝温度条件下,温度梯度的减小可以增大结晶Mg的晶粒尺寸。

英文摘要：

We experimentally addressed the direct recovery of Mg vapor by condensation in carbothermic reduction of magnesia in vacumn. The influence of the condensation conditions, including the temperature, temperature gradient and pressure, on the recovery efficiency of Mg vapor was investigated with X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results show that the pressure, condensation temperature and temperature gradi- ent,strongly affect the recovery efficiency of Mg vapor and microstructures of Mg condensate. To be specific,in the 30~ 100 Pa range and with a fixed temperature gradient, a temperature close to the dew-point of Mg vapor resulted in high Mg recovery effficiency;at the optimized condensation temperature and pressure, a decreased temperature gradient increased the compactness and grain-size of the 90.05% pure Mg-condensate.