中文摘要：

目的：实验将化学和应力协同诱导后的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞移植到失神经骨骼肌内，观察体内的成肌效应，以达到延缓失神经骨骼肌萎缩的目的。 方法：实验于2007—04／10在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院动物实验中心和中心实验室完成。①实验材料：SD大鼠由上海西普尔-必凯实验动物有限公司提供，实验过程中对动物处置符合动物伦理学标准。②实验方法：采用密度梯度离心法分离培养雄性SD大鼠股骨、胫骨中骨髓间充质干细胞。取第3代细胞进行化学诱导后，再进行应力诱导，于移植前1d以DAPI标记。取8周龄SD大鼠36只，随机分为对照组与实验组，18只／组。两组均切断大鼠左侧后肢坐骨神经，并造成1cm神经缺损，形成失神经支配腓肠肌动物模型。实验组大鼠腓肠肌的内、外侧头经皮注入骨髓间充质干细胞，对照组大鼠以同样方法注入无细胞、不含胎牛血清低糖DMEM培养液。③实验评估：术后第4，S，12周检测大鼠双侧腓肠肌运动单位电位及纤颤电位，取双侧腓肠肌测定肌湿重，然后行苏木精-伊红染色，并作图象分析，测定肌纤维横截面积，采用BCA法测双侧腓肠肌蛋白总量。 结果：①切断坐骨神经后2周大鼠腓肠肌均发生不同程度的萎缩。左侧腓肠肌运动单位电位波形逐渐变单一，时限逐渐延长，电压逐渐变小，纤颤电位的正向波逐渐增多。4、8周时实验组与对照组有差异，12周时两组无差异。②实验组骨髓间充质干细胞移植处可观察到带荧光的细胞核及肌纤维，对照组未见此现象。实验组第4，8周失神经支配腓肠肌湿重残存率、腓肠肌纤维横截面积残存率、蛋白总量残存率均明显低于对照组（P〈0．01），12周时两组差异无统计学意义。结论：骨髓间充质干细胞移植到失神经骨骼肌内可明显延缓失神经支配骨骼肌的萎缩，并

英文摘要：

AIM： To observe the myogenic effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell （MSC） transplantation after chemical-induction and stress-induction on denervated skeletal muscle atrophy in vivo. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the Animal Experimental Center and Central Laboratory in Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from April to October 2007. SD rats were provided by B＆K Universal Group Limited. The experimental procedure was consistent with animal ethical standard. The MSCs from male SD rat femurs and tibia were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The third passage of MSCs after chemical-induction and stress-induction was labeled with DAPI before transplantation. Thirty-six 8-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group （n=18）. The animal model of denervated gastrocnemius muscles were made by cutting the left sciatic nerve and creating nerve defect about 1 cm. MSCs were percutaneously transplanted to medial and lateral gastrocnemius of the experimental group rats, while low carbohydrates DMEM culture solution without MSCs and fetal bovine serum were transplanted to gastrocnemlus of the control group. Bilateral gastrocnemius muscles of each rat from the two groups were weighed 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively after examining the motor unit potential and fibrillation potential. The gastrocnemius muscles underwent HE staining and image analysis to measure cross-section area of muscle fiber. The amount of protein was detected by BCA method. RESULTS： Muscular atrophy was observed 2 weeks after denervation. The motor unit waveshape of gastrocnemius became single; time limit became long; voltage became low, and the fibrillation potential norientation wave was increased. Differences were observed between two groups 4 weeks and 8 weeks, but no differences were observed after 12 weeks. Cells with fluorescence were observed in transplantation sites of the experimental group, but not in the control group. The wet weight re