中文摘要：

针对水下传感器网络延时长、网络拓扑动态变化的问题，提出一种三维水下无线传感器网络自适应转发协议AFP（adaptive forwarding protocol）。AFP采用自适应方法获得转发概率与转发区域，让转发区域内与上一跳转发节点距离相对远，且与上一跳节点与目的节点的矢量方向相对近的节点以高概率转发分组，从而减少了转播冗余和冲突，提高了转播效率。应用NS-2仿真软件对协议的性能进行仿真，仿真结果表明：与VBF协议相比，AFP提高了分组投递率、减少了端对端延迟，证明了AFP在水下无线传感器网络环境下工作的可行性和有效性。

英文摘要：

In order to solve the problem such as high latency and dynamic topology in Underwater wireless Sensor Networks （UWSNs）, an adaptive forwarding protocol （AFP） for 3-D UWSNs is proposed. AFP calculates rebroad- cast probability adaptively; AFP lets the nodes with longer distance to the last hop node and closer to the vector from the last hop node to the destination have priority to forward the message. In addition, a forwarding zone criteri- on is included in the proposed protocol to reduce the broken links due to mobility of nodes among the intermediate nodes. AFP reduces the redundant retransmission and the collision possibility, thus increasing the efficiency of for- warding. The simulation results using NS-2 network simulator and their analysis demonstrate preliminarily that AFP improves the data delivery ratio and reduces the average end-to-end delay compared with VBF Protocol, thus pro- ving that AFP shows high feasibility and efficiency working in underwater wireless sensor networks.