目的 采用欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)对大连市60岁以上人群生命质量状况进行调查,探讨其影响因素。方法 于2013年,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对大连市4081名60岁以上人群进行入户式EQ-5D量表问卷调查,问卷可分为EQ-5D健康描述系统和直观式健康标尺(EQ—VAS),通过问卷中这两部分可计算研究对象EQ-5D指数和EQ—VAS得分,分析调查对象生命质量状况及其影响因素。结果 女性生命质量5个维度有困难的比例分别为18.1%(373/2059)、12.6%(264/2059)、16.2%(334/2059)、32.0%(659/2059)、17.5%(371/2059),男性分别为13.3%(269/2022)、10.2%(218/2022)、12.5%(253/2022)、23.1%(467/2022)、13.7%(277/2022),女性均高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P值均〈0.05)。男性EQ-5D指数得分和EQ—VAS得分分别为(0.824±0.30)、(72.754±16.26)分,均高于女性[(0.79±0.33)、(70.794±16.64)分](P值均〈0.05);在婚状态人群的EQ-5D指数和EQ—VAS得分较高,分别为(0.82±0.28)、(73.274±16.60)分;EQ-5D指数和EQ—VAS得分呈现随着年龄增大而降低,随着文化程度升高而升高的趋势(P值均〈0.05)。结论 大连市60周岁以上人群生命质量状况较好,并受其性别、婚姻状态、文化程度以及是否患有慢性病等因素影响。
Objective Using European five-dimensional health questionnaire (EQ-5D) to study the quality of life among the population over 60 years old in Dalian city and analyze the influence factors. Method In 2013, multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method and EQ-5D questionnaire were used to investigate the status of 4 081 participants over the age of 60 in Dalian. The questionnaire contained EQ-5D heahh describing system and the VAS. The EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score of the study objects were calculated and the participants' quality of life and impact factors were analyzed. Result Women's percentage of " having difficulty" in 5 dimensionalities was 18.1% ( 373/2 059 ), 12. 6% (264/2 059), 16.2% ( 334/2 059 ), 32. 0% ( 659/2 059 ), 17.5% ( 371/2 059 ) respectively, men' percentage of "having difficulty" in 5 dimensionalities was 13.3% ( 269/2 022 ), 10. 2% ( 218/2 022 ) , 12. 5% (253/2 022 ), 23.1% (467/2 022 ), 13.7% ( 77/2 022 ) respectively, and the difference was significant( P 〈 0. 05 ). The EQ-5D index and VAS score of men was (0. 82±0. 30), (72. 75 ± 16. 26 ), higher than those of women ( ( 0. 79 ± 0. 33 ) , ( 70. 79 ± 16. 64 ) ) and the difference was significant ( P 〈 0. 05). The score of quality of life who were married was (0. 82 ±0. 28) and(73.27 ± 16. 60). With age increasing, the elders' quality of life score decreased, and with education level increasing, the elders' quality of life score increased ( P 〈 0. 05 ). Conclusion The quality of life of the elders in Dalian city was kind of good, and it could be impacted by genders, marital status, education levels and the chronic diseases.