中文摘要：

脑微出血（cerebral microbleeds,CMBs）作为脑小血管病的一种,与各种血管危险因素密切相关,其中脑叶CMBs还与淀粉样脑血管病相关。CMBs不仅提高了复发症状性脑出血的风险,还可能引起认知障碍甚至痴呆。本文主要就CMBs在磁共振磁敏感序列的影像特点和诊断标准等方面进行综述,通过神经影像学检查方法提高CMBs诊断的准确率,为CMBs的精准诊断和治疗提供重要依据。

英文摘要：

As a kind of cerebral small vessel disease, Cerebral microbleeds（CMBs） is closely related to various vascular risk factors, among which, lobar CMBs is associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. CMBs not only increases the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage（ICH）, but also may lead to cognitive impairment and even dementia. This paper reviewed the features and diagnostic criteria of CMBs in the magnetic sensitive sequence of magnetic resonance imaging. The neuroimaging method could help to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CMBs, which could provide important evidence for the precision diagnosis and treatment of CMBs.